Calcium is a primary component of a healthy turtle diet.
The key to feeding a pet turtle is variety and a sound diet that contains plenty of calcium, phosphorus, vitamin A and vitamin D. Although commercial turtle foods are available, fresh foods are the closest to their natural habitat and tend to be higher in nutritional value. If you feel that your turtle is not getting enough calcium or other vitamins, consider a supplement, but use fresh food as much as possible for optimal health and vitality. Always be sure to research your particular turtle species, since some have dietary restrictions that others do not.
Vegetables
Feed plenty of fresh vegetables on a regular basis. Common vegetables include squash, okra, carrots and sweet potatoes. Turtles love cabbage, but use this vegetable in moderation, since it can lead to kidney problems. To feed turtles large vegetables such as carrots or potatoes, be sure to dice them up in small pieces or shred into strips.
Greens
Greens are an excellent source of protein and fiber. As noted at Tortoise Trust Web, avoid pre-packaged grocery store salad mixes, since "This will not offer adequate fiber, and tends to be very poor in essential trace elements and other nutrients." Instead, use greens from a pesticide-free garden, such as clover, collard, watercress, turnip greens and red and green leaf lettuce.
Flowers
In the wild, turtles love to browse from plant to plant and munch on flowers, which are also a good source of protein and fiber. Feed your turtle dandelion flowers, hibiscus, petunia, roses and pansies for a special treat that resembles their natural diet. Be sure to avoid poisonous flowers and research before introducing a new flower to your turtle.
Protein Sources
Some turtles, such as the box turtle, are omnivorous and eat small animals in addition to vegetables, greens and flowers. For these turtle varieties, be sure to provide regular helpings of earthworms, snails, meal worms, crickets, shrimp, slugs, cooked chicken, turkey or fish, and boiled eggs.
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