Milk
Vitamin D-3 (Cholecalciferol) is a steroid hormone that plays a role in a number of biological function in the human body. It is processed by the liver and then the kidney to convert it from an inactive to active form.
Sources
D-3 is available in limited amounts from dietary sources such as fish, egg yolks and cheese. It is also produced in an inactive form by the skin when exposed to sunlight.
Functions
D-3 is used by the body for regulation of calcium, phosphate and magnesium absorption. It also plays a role in cell differentiation, immunity and insulin secretion.
Deficiency
D-3 deficiency can cause childhood bone deformities and osteomalacia, which produces muscular and bone pain. Lack of sunlight exposure, kidney or liver dysfunctions, or genetic defects related to D vitamin receptors can all lead to deficiency.
Toxicity
D-3 toxicity is typically the result of excessive D vitamin supplementation. It can result in nausea, weakness, constipation, and high blood calcium levels--which can alter heart function and psychological state.
Dosage
The safe upper limit that has been established for daily intake of Vitamin D is 2000 Internation Units (IU) or 50 micrograms per day. Approximately 400 IU is the standard fortification in a glass of milk.
Tags: plays role